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Research on UCMAS 

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Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA 

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University of California, San Diego, USA 

Research Study: Mental Abacus represents large exact numerosities using pre-existing visual resources

Authors: Michael C. Frank and David Barner

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University of Manchester, England, UK

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Ulster University, N. Ireland

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University of Khartoum, Sudan

Research Study: Effects of Abacus Training on the Intelligence of Sudanese Children

Authors: Dr. Omar Khaleefa, Dr. Paul Irwing, Dr. Alya Hamaza, Dr. Richard Lynn

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Stanford University,

California,

USA 

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University of Chicago,

USA 

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University of California, San Diego, USA 

Research Study: The Role of Gesture in Supporting Mental Representations: The Case of Mental Abacus Arithmetic

Authors: Neon B. Brooks, David Barner, Michael Frank, Susan Goldin-Meadow

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